However, in plant kingdom, only an amino acid and a protein, namely the glutamate (Glu) and the recently discovered Riccas factor -THIOGLUCOSIDE GLUCOHYDROLASE (TGG) are so far defined as wound signals that depend on glutamate receptor-like (GLR) protein, the homologous protein of mammalian ionotropic Glu receptors (iGluRs), to activate systemic plant defense response 6,7,11
Exenatide reduces TNF-alpha expression and improves hippocampal neuron numbers and memory in streptozotocin treated rats
Additionally, I did not address dosing because there can be different formulations of this peptide that significantly affect half-life
Emerging therapies, including dual and triple agonists and small-molecule oral formulations, demonstrate how targeting multiple pathways and improving delivery can enhance efficacy and patient convenience
This review highlights recent developments in enzyme-responsive biomaterials, focusing mainly on polymeric hydrogels, as well as nanoparticles and scaffold-based approaches for delivering enzyme-triggered solutions to various pathologies (Table 1)